Molecular biology guides

Practical explainers on techniques and data interpretation from The Bond Lab. These guides support education and research; always confirm methods and controls with your own lab standards. See also Protocols for step-by-step lab methods.

Guides

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Western blot lysis and blocking buffers Why SDS lysis often outperforms RIPA for immunoblotting, with recipes for 50 ml SDS lysis buffer and filtered Super Western blocking buffer. Design your own qPCR primers Use NCBI Gene and Primer-BLAST to design human GAPDH primers � settings for product size, Tm, and specificity, plus tips on cost versus commercial assay kits. Understanding melt curve analysis SYBR Green qPCR melt curves: what they measure, single vs multiple peaks, primer dimers, and how to interpret results with amplification plots and controls.